01 — Authenticity
How Are Truffle Species Identified?
What morphology, microscopy, DNA, spectroscopy and origin models can establish.
02How we read the evidence
A whole fresh specimen, processed product and mixture do not give a laboratory the same material. Method, sample, database and limitations must therefore be stated together.
Related Tuber species can share visible characters, so appearance alone settles no identification: declared comparisons cover the confusable pairs side by side, and the laboratory methods described in this record remain the definitive check.
| Method | Best suited to | Limitation |
|---|---|---|
| morphology / microscopy | whole fresh material | overlap and expertise |
| PCR / DNA | species in a suitable sample | marker, database, mixture, degradation |
| FT-NIR / chemometrics | classification against a model | calibration and reference samples |
| isotopes / elements | support for origin classification | model is not absolute proof |
03What we know
04Not the same as
species identity geographic origin
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